{"id":12228,"date":"2021-05-10T11:09:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-10T08:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=12228"},"modified":"2021-05-10T00:12:13","modified_gmt":"2021-05-09T21:12:13","slug":"az-oroszok-mar-ket-evtizedre-elore-eladtak-a-sarkvideki-cseppfolyos-gazukat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=12228&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Az oroszok m\u00e1r k\u00e9t \u00e9vtizedre el\u0151re eladt\u00e1k a sarkvid\u00e9ki cseppfoly\u00f3s g\u00e1zukat"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A napokban k\u00f6z\u00f6lte a Novatek orosz energia\u00f3ri\u00e1s, hogy 20 \u00e9ves meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1st k\u00f6t\u00f6tt Arctic LNG 2 projektj\u00e9nek r\u00e9szv\u00e9nyeseivel a cseppfoly\u00f3s\u00edtott f\u00f6ldg\u00e1z teljes mennyis\u00e9g\u00e9nek ad\u00e1sv\u00e9tel\u00e9r\u0151l. A v\u00e1llalat szerint az Oroszorsz\u00e1g sarkvid\u00e9ki z\u00f3n\u00e1j\u00e1ban meg\u00e9p\u00edtett \u00fczem az LNG-\u00e9rt\u00e9kes\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t 2023-ban kezdi meg.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A t\u00e1rsas\u00e1g igazgat\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1nak eln\u00f6ke, Leonid Mikhelson elmondta: \u201eAz Arctic LNG 2 projektben r\u00e9sztvev\u0151k k\u00f6z\u00f6tti hossz\u00fa t\u00e1v\u00fa felv\u00e1s\u00e1rl\u00e1si meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1sok biztos\u00edtj\u00e1k az LNG \u00e9rt\u00e9kes\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9b\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 j\u00f6vedelem\u00e1raml\u00e1st, \u00edgy a projekt teljes finansz\u00edroz\u00e1sa biztos\u00edtott.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az orosz Arctic LNG 2-b\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 cseppfoly\u00f3s\u00edtott f\u00f6ldg\u00e1z (LNG) exportj\u00e1ra ir\u00e1nyul\u00f3 projekt \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se m\u00e1r 39 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9kban befejez\u0151d\u00f6tt, \u00e9s a tervek szerint 2023-ban elindul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"http:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/gaz.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/gaz.jpg 800w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/gaz-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/gaz-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Egyre fontosabb az LNG<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e9ny, hogy az LNG (liquefied natural gas, cseppfoly\u00f3s f\u00f6ldg\u00e1z) a vil\u00e1g energiaell\u00e1t\u00e1s\u00e1ban egyre nagyobb szerepet kap. A koncentr\u00e1lt energiahordoz\u00f3 a tengeren j\u00f3l sz\u00e1ll\u00edthat\u00f3 \u00e9s viszonylag kis k\u00f6lts\u00e9ggel t\u00e1rolhat\u00f3. Oroszorsz\u00e1g c\u00e9lja, hogy 2035-ig megh\u00e1romszorozza LNG-termel\u00e9si kapacit\u00e1s\u00e1t 140 milli\u00f3 tonn\u00e1ra. Emellett n\u00f6velni k\u00edv\u00e1nja r\u00e9szesed\u00e9s\u00e9t a gyorsan b\u0151v\u00fcl\u0151 glob\u00e1lis LNG-piacon is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Oroszorsz\u00e1g er\u0151forr\u00e1sokban gazdag sarkvid\u00e9ki r\u00e9gi\u00f3j\u00e1ban, a Gidai-f\u00e9lszigeten tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 Arctic LNG 2 l\u00e9tes\u00edtm\u00e9ny a Novatek m\u00e1sodik \u00fczeme az \u00c9szaki-sarkvid\u00e9ken. A projekt h\u00e1rom \u201eLNG-train\u201d \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t foglalja mag\u00e1ban, amelyek \u00f6ssztermel\u00e9si kapacit\u00e1sa 19,8 milli\u00f3 tonna \u00e9vente. Az Arctic LNG 2 h\u00e1rom LNG cseppfoly\u00f3s\u00edt\u00f3 berendez\u00e9se egyenk\u00e9nt 6,6 milli\u00f3 tonna kapacit\u00e1s\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mi\u00e9rt cseppfoly\u00f3s\u00edtj\u00e1k a f\u00f6ldg\u00e1zt?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A m\u00faltban azt a f\u00f6ldg\u00e1zt, amelynek lel\u0151helye t\u00e1vol volt a g\u00e1zvezet\u00e9kekt\u0151l, sok\u00e1ig \u00e9rt\u00e9ktelennek tekintett\u00e9k gazdas\u00e1gilag. De a n\u00f6vekv\u0151 energiaig\u00e9ny \u00e9s a sorra felfedezett \u00e9rt\u00e9kes tengeri lel\u0151helyek kreat\u00edv megold\u00e1st s\u00fcrgettek. A sz\u00e1nd\u00e9k ezeknek a g\u00e1zk\u00e9szleteknek a kiakn\u00e1z\u00e1s\u00e1ra felgyors\u00edtotta az LNG-ipar fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az els\u0151 LNG-cseppfoly\u00f3s\u00edt\u00f3 \u00fczem 1964-ben kezdte meg m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t az alg\u00e9riai Arzew-ban. A cseppfoly\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1si folyamat sor\u00e1n a f\u00f6ldg\u00e1zt kompresszi\u00f3val leh\u0171tik. Eredeti t\u00e9rfogat\u00e1t 1\/600-ra cs\u00f6kkentik, ami azt jelenti, hogy 600 m\u00b3 norm\u00e1l \u00e1llapot\u00fa g\u00e1zb\u00f3l 1 m\u00b3 cseppfoly\u00f3s LNG keletkezik, \u00edgy m\u00e1r gazdas\u00e1goss\u00e1 v\u00e1lik a haj\u00f3val t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.nwmgroups.hu\/s\/img\/i\/2104\/20210429orosz-jegtoro1.jpg?w=800&amp;h=450&amp;t=5\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ma az LNG el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1st az egyik leggyorsabban n\u00f6vekv\u0151 al\u00e1gazatnak tekintik az energiaiparban. Az LNG sz\u00edntelen, szagtalan \u00e9s norm\u00e1l h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleti \u00e9s nyom\u00e1s \u00e9rt\u00e9kek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt k\u00e9pes \u00fajra g\u00e1zhalmaz\u00e1llapotba ker\u00fclni \u00e9s felvenni eredeti t\u00e9rfogat\u00e1t. A f\u00f6ldg\u00e1z f\u0151leg met\u00e1nb\u00f3l \u00e1ll, de mag\u00e1ban foglal m\u00e1s anyagokat is, mint a k\u00e9n, a sz\u00e9n-dioxid,, a prop\u00e1n, por, v\u00edz, h\u00e9lium stb. A cseppfoly\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1si folyamat sor\u00e1n ezeket a komponenseket elt\u00e1vol\u00edtj\u00e1k \u00e9s ezut\u00e1n a f\u00f6ldg\u00e1zt k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl -162 \u00b0 C-ra leh\u0171tve folyad\u00e9kk\u00e1 kondenz\u00e1lj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Magyarorsz\u00e1g energiaell\u00e1t\u00e1s\u00e1ban is fontos szerep jut az LNG-nek, a krki LNG-termin\u00e1l megnyit\u00e1sa janu\u00e1r v\u00e9g\u00e9n fontos fejlem\u00e9ny volt az orsz\u00e1g energiabiztons\u00e1g\u00e1nak n\u00f6vel\u00e9s\u00e9ben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A most \u00e9p\u00fcl\u0151 oroszorsz\u00e1gi beruh\u00e1z\u00e1sban a Novatek birtokolja a projekt t\u00f6bbs\u00e9gi r\u00e9szesed\u00e9s\u00e9t (60 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k), kisebbs\u00e9gi r\u00e9szesed\u00e9ssel pedig k\u00fclf\u00f6ldi v\u00e1llalatok rendelkeznek. A k\u00fclf\u00f6ldi befektet\u0151k list\u00e1j\u00e1n szerepel a Total francia olaj- \u00e9s g\u00e1zipari v\u00e1llalat (10 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k), a k\u00ednai CNPC (10 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k) \u00e9s a CNOOC (10 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k) c\u00e9gek, valamint a Mitsui \u00e9s a JOGMEC jap\u00e1n konzorcium (10 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k). A projekt k\u00f6rnyezeti l\u00e1bnyom\u00e1nak minimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben a Novatek egy innovat\u00edv \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9si koncepci\u00f3t, a gravit\u00e1ci\u00f3 alap\u00fa tart\u00f3szerkezetet (GBS) alkalmazza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.origo.hu\/gazdasag\/20210429-lng-gaz-gazdasag-oroszorszag.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(origo.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A napokban k\u00f6z\u00f6lte a Novatek orosz energia\u00f3ri\u00e1s, hogy 20 \u00e9ves meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1st k\u00f6t\u00f6tt Arctic LNG 2 projektj\u00e9nek r\u00e9szv\u00e9nyeseivel a cseppfoly\u00f3s\u00edtott f\u00f6ldg\u00e1z teljes mennyis\u00e9g\u00e9nek ad\u00e1sv\u00e9tel\u00e9r\u0151l. A v\u00e1llalat szerint az Oroszorsz\u00e1g sarkvid\u00e9ki z\u00f3n\u00e1j\u00e1ban meg\u00e9p\u00edtett \u00fczem az LNG-\u00e9rt\u00e9kes\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t 2023-ban kezdi meg.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":12229,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,11,39],"tags":[17099,17098,183],"class_list":["post-12228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-kiemelt-tema","category-vilag","tag-arctic-lng-2-projekt","tag-cseppfolyos-gaz","tag-oroszorszag"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12228"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12228\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12229"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}