{"id":14113,"date":"2021-08-02T19:53:00","date_gmt":"2021-08-02T16:53:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=14113"},"modified":"2021-08-02T17:37:54","modified_gmt":"2021-08-02T14:37:54","slug":"hogyan-tette-tonkre-kinaban-a-maganoktatas-reformja-a-100-milliard-dollaros-korrepetalas-agazatat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=14113&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Hogyan tette t\u00f6nkre K\u00edn\u00e1ban a mag\u00e1noktat\u00e1s reformja a 100 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1ros korrepet\u00e1l\u00e1s \u00e1gazat\u00e1t?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A K\u00ednai N\u00e9pk\u00f6zt\u00e1rsas\u00e1g a mintegy 100 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rra becs\u00fclt mag\u00e1noktat\u00e1si \u00e1gazat\u00e1nak reformja t\u00f6nkretette azon t\u00e1rsas\u00e1gokat, amelyek a korrepet\u00e1l\u00e1s form\u00e1j\u00e1ban val\u00f3 oktat\u00e1s elv\u00e9n alapultak. A m\u00falt h\u00e9tv\u00e9g\u00e9n, miut\u00e1n Peking hivatalosan bejelentette az mag\u00e1noktat\u00e1s glob\u00e1lis reformj\u00e1t, a korrepet\u00e1l\u00e1sra berendezkedett t\u00e1rsas\u00e1gok r\u00e9szv\u00e9nyei katasztrof\u00e1lisan estek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1-27-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13965\" width=\"845\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1-27-1.jpg 750w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1-27-1-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a K\u00ednai N\u00e9pk\u00f6zt\u00e1rsas\u00e1g egyik legismertebb korrepet\u00e1l\u00e1ssal foglalkoz\u00f3 t\u00e1rsas\u00e1ga, a New Oriental Education &amp; Technology Group Inc. \u2013 r\u00e9szv\u00e9nyei 40%-ot estek. Ennek eredm\u00e9nyek\u00e9ppen az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamokban m\u00e9g nagyobb m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben, 54%-os cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s volt tapasztalhat\u00f3 a t\u00e1rsas\u00e1g r\u00e9szv\u00e9nyeit illet\u0151en. A k\u00ednai mag\u00e1noktat\u00e1si \u00e1gazat vezet\u0151 t\u00e1rsas\u00e1gainak r\u00e9szv\u00e9nyei is jelent\u0151sen visszaestek: a Koolearn Technology Holding Ltd. \u2013 35%-kal, \u00e9s a China Maple Leaf Educational Systems Ltd. \u2013 16%-kal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mi\u00e9rt t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt ez? Mi befoly\u00e1solta a t\u00e1rsas\u00e1gok tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00e9t? A mag\u00e1noktat\u00e1s reformprojektj\u00e9nek megfelel\u0151n, az iskolai programok oktat\u00e1s\u00e1ra szakosodott mag\u00e1nv\u00e1llalatok \u00fczleti modelljeit radik\u00e1lis m\u00f3don v\u00e1ltoztatj\u00e1k meg. Ezeket a radik\u00e1lis int\u00e9zked\u00e9seket a hat\u00f3s\u00e1gok azzal magyar\u00e1zt\u00e1k, hogy \u201eagg\u00f3dnak az ifj\u00fa gener\u00e1ci\u00f3\u00e9rt\u201d, valamint hogy a \u201et\u0151ke ellopja\u201d az oktat\u00e1st.&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A reform projektj\u00e9nek esetleges j\u00f3v\u00e1hagy\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00f6vet\u0151en, amelyben ma m\u00e1r kevesen k\u00e9telkednek, az effajta k\u00e9pz\u00e9sre szakosodott mag\u00e1nv\u00e1llalatoknak megtiltj\u00e1k a profitszerz\u00e9st, a befektet\u00e9sek bevon\u00e1s\u00e1t valamint a t\u0151zsd\u00e9n val\u00f3 r\u00e9szv\u00e9telt. &nbsp;Ennek eredm\u00e9nyek\u00e9nt egy ilyen m\u00e9ly struktur\u00e1lis reform ak\u00e1r a k\u00ednai mag\u00e1noktat\u00e1si \u00e1gazat \u00e9s piac \u00f6sszeoml\u00e1s\u00e1hoz is vezethet. A folyamat pedig, nagy val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9ggel m\u00e1r m\u00falt p\u00e9nteken elkezd\u0151d\u00f6tt az amerikai \u00e9s a hongkongi piac zuhan\u00e1s\u00e1val, miut\u00e1n a t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyjavaslat sz\u00f6vege megjelent a k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9gi h\u00e1l\u00f3kon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ennek kapcs\u00e1n a JPMorgan Chase &amp; Co. amerikai elemz\u0151i a k\u00ednai reformot a legrosszabb forgat\u00f3k\u00f6nyvnek nevezik, \u00e9s k\u00e9telyeik vannak a korrepet\u00e1l\u00e1sra szakosodott t\u00e1rsas\u00e1gok j\u00f6v\u0151beli l\u00e9tez\u00e9s\u00e9t illet\u0151en. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s \u00faj k\u00f6vetelm\u00e9nyeinek val\u00f3 megfelel\u00e9s \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben az olyan v\u00e1llalatoknak, mint a New Oriental \u00e9s a TAL Education Group, fel\u00e9re kell cs\u00f6kkenteni\u00fck a tanul\u00e1si d\u00edjakat, aminek katasztrof\u00e1lis p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyei lesznek. A hongkongi t\u0151zsd\u00e9n, ahol t\u00f6bb mint 20 korrepet\u00e1l\u00e1ssal foglalkoz\u00f3 t\u00e1rsas\u00e1g van bejegyezve, a m\u00falt p\u00e9nteki es\u00e9st k\u00f6vet\u0151en 187 milli\u00e1rd hongkongi doll\u00e1rt (24 milli\u00f3 USA doll\u00e1r) nem lett besz\u00e1m\u00edtva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Term\u00e9szetesen \u00f3ri\u00e1si vesztes\u00e9g \u00e9rte azokat a v\u00e1llalkoz\u00f3kat, akik mag\u00e1noktat\u00e1ssal foglalkoznak K\u00edn\u00e1ban. Az anti-rekordot Larry Chen, egykori iskolai tan\u00e1r \u00e1ll\u00edtotta fel, aki a bolyg\u00f3 egyik leggazdagabb embere volt, akinek vagyon\u00e1t ez \u00e9v elej\u00e9n 15 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rra becs\u00fclt\u00e9k, szinte mindent elvesz\u00edtett.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/4-21.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13966\" width=\"829\" height=\"552\" srcset=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/4-21.jpg 650w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/4-21-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 829px) 100vw, 829px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chen, mint a Gaotu Techedu Inc. alap\u00edt\u00f3ja \u00e9s tulajdonosa a Bloomberg Billionaires Index adatai szerint, mind\u00f6ssze 336 milli\u00f3 doll\u00e1rba \u201eker\u00fcl\u201d. Ez nem meglep\u0151, mivel a c\u00e9g r\u00e9szv\u00e9nyei a new-yorki t\u0151zsd\u00e9n a m\u00falt p\u00e9nteken majdnem k\u00e9tharmaddal \u201eestek\u201d. A Gaotu k\u00f6zlem\u00e9ny\u00e9ben kijelentette, hogy \u201eteljes\u00edti a szab\u00e1lyoz\u00f3 k\u00f6vetelm\u00e9nyeit, \u00e9s nem mond le a t\u00e1rsadalmi felel\u0151ss\u00e9gr\u0151l\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Larry Chen pedig csak azzal vigasztal\u00f3dhat, hogy \u00fczleti partnerei is megszenvedt\u00e9k az \u00faj szab\u00e1lyokat, b\u00e1r nem annyira, mint \u0151.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a TAL Education Group vezet\u0151je vagyona 71 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9kkal, 2,5 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rr\u00f3l 1,4 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rra cs\u00f6kkent, a New Oriental Education &amp; Technology Group Inc. igazgat\u00f3tan\u00e1cs\u00e1nak vezet\u0151je 685 milli\u00f3 doll\u00e1rt vesz\u00edtett, \u00e9s t\u00f6r\u00f6lt\u00e9k a doll\u00e1rmilli\u00e1rdosok list\u00e1j\u00e1r\u00f3l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ellenben mindk\u00e9t t\u00e1rsas\u00e1g \u00edg\u00e9retet tett arra, hogy teljes\u00edti a k\u00ednai szab\u00e1lyoz\u00f3k \u00f6sszes k\u00f6vetelm\u00e9ny\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>NEWSMAKER<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;!&#8211;translatorid:ild5234 &#8211;&gt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A K\u00ednai N\u00e9pk\u00f6zt\u00e1rsas\u00e1g a mintegy 100 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rra becs\u00fclt mag\u00e1noktat\u00e1si \u00e1gazat\u00e1nak reformja t\u00f6nkretette azon t\u00e1rsas\u00e1gokat, amelyek a korrepet\u00e1l\u00e1s form\u00e1j\u00e1ban val\u00f3 oktat\u00e1s elv\u00e9n alapultak. A m\u00falt h\u00e9tv\u00e9g\u00e9n, miut\u00e1n Peking hivatalosan bejelentette az mag\u00e1noktat\u00e1s glob\u00e1lis reformj\u00e1t, a korrepet\u00e1l\u00e1sra berendezkedett t\u00e1rsas\u00e1gok r\u00e9szv\u00e9nyei katasztrof\u00e1lisan estek.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":13965,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,49,39],"tags":[208,994],"class_list":["post-14113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-hirek","category-vilag","tag-oktatas","tag-reform"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14113","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14113"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14113\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13965"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14113"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14113"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14113"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}