{"id":39835,"date":"2023-07-09T13:05:00","date_gmt":"2023-07-09T10:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=39835"},"modified":"2023-07-09T08:59:48","modified_gmt":"2023-07-09T05:59:48","slug":"tanulmany-ha-nem-ternek-haza-az-ukran-menekultek-az-a-gdp-113-milliard-dollarjaba-kerul-a-gazdasagnak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=39835&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Tanulm\u00e1ny: ha nem t\u00e9rnek haza az ukr\u00e1n menek\u00fcltek, az a GDP 113 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rj\u00e1ba ker\u00fcl a gazdas\u00e1gnak"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Az \u00e9vi 7%-os gazdas\u00e1gi n\u00f6veked\u00e9shez Ukrajn\u00e1nak 3,1\u20134,5 milli\u00f3 embert kell bevonnia a munkaer\u0151piacba 2032-ig.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hat\u00e9kony \u00e1llami politika n\u00e9lk\u00fcl a menek\u00fcltek hazat\u00e9r\u00e9se ter\u00e9n Ukrajna k\u00f6zel 113 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rt is elvesz\u00edthet a GDP-b\u0151l 10 \u00e9v alatt. Ez mintegy 45 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1ros ad\u00f3bev\u00e9tel-kies\u00e9st is jelenthet.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1688750461-3275-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-39810\" srcset=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1688750461-3275-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1688750461-3275-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1688750461-3275-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1688750461-3275.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eA sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1sok szerint az eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1gokban \u00e9l\u0151 mintegy 1,42 milli\u00f3 ukr\u00e1n k\u00e9nyszermenek\u00fclt, valamint az agresszor orsz\u00e1gokban tart\u00f3zkod\u00f3 0,7 milli\u00f3 szem\u00e9ly a munkaer\u0151piac szerepl\u0151i. A feln\u0151tt menek\u00fcltek t\u00f6bbs\u00e9ge 25\u201349 \u00e9v k\u00f6z\u00f6tti n\u0151, akiknek nagyobb r\u00e9sze fels\u0151fok\u00fa v\u00e9gzetts\u00e9ggel rendelkezik, \u00e9s dolgozott a h\u00e1bor\u00fa el\u0151tt\u201d \u2013 \u00e1ll a Gazdas\u00e1g\u00e9l\u00e9nk\u00edt\u0151 K\u00f6zpont \u00e9s az EasyBusiness <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1RlXw50nG2qsDskRsqYzbdHhVSstouIoL\/view\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">tanulm\u00e1ny\u00e1ban<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az elemz\u0151k megjegyezt\u00e9k, hogy menek\u00fcltek a hazat\u00e9r\u00e9se a gyors \u00e9s fenntarthat\u00f3 gazdas\u00e1gi n\u00f6veked\u00e9s biztos\u00edt\u00e1sa szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l fontos: az \u00e9vi 7%-os n\u00f6veked\u00e9st jelent, mivel 2032-ig Ukrajn\u00e1nak 3,1\u20134,5 milli\u00f3 embert kell bevonnia a munkaer\u0151piacra (azt a felt\u00e9telez\u00e9st is figyelembe v\u00e9ve, hogy a legt\u00f6bb menek\u00fclt a hazat\u00e9r\u00e9st tervezi). Ugyanakkor id\u0151vel cs\u00f6kken a menek\u00fcltek hazat\u00e9r\u00e9si v\u00e1gya a befogad\u00f3 orsz\u00e1gokba val\u00f3 beilleszked\u00e9s\u00fck miatt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eM\u00edg a k\u00e9nyszermenek\u00fcltek 7-10%-a m\u00e1r \u00fagy d\u00f6nt\u00f6tt, hogy k\u00fclf\u00f6ld\u00f6n marad, a t\u00f6bbs\u00e9ge jelenleg hajlik a hazat\u00e9r\u00e9sre. Az id\u0151 m\u00fal\u00e1s\u00e1val egyre t\u00f6bben v\u00e1llalnak munk\u00e1t: csak 2022 augusztusa \u00e9s 2023 janu\u00e1rja k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a menek\u00fcltek hozz\u00e1vet\u0151leg 17%-a tal\u00e1lt munk\u00e1t vagy kezdett el tanfolyamra j\u00e1rni\u201d \u2013 \u00e1ll a tanulm\u00e1nyban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A tanulm\u00e1ny adatai szerint a menek\u00fcltek legnagyobb r\u00e9sze a gy\u0151zelem ut\u00e1n szeretne hazat\u00e9rni. Sz\u00e1mukra a legf\u0151bb probl\u00e9ma a biztons\u00e1g k\u00e9rd\u00e9se, mivel akik m\u00e1r hazat\u00e9rtek, neh\u00e9z k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyekkel szembes\u00fcltek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A tanulm\u00e1ny szerint ugyanakkor a harci \u00f6vezetb\u0151l elmenek\u00fcltek legsz\u00edvesebben biztons\u00e1gosabb r\u00e9gi\u00f3kba t\u00e9rn\u00e9nek vissza, ahol biztos\u00edtva vannak a lakhat\u00e1s, foglalkoztat\u00e1s \u00e9s az anyagi t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az ukr\u00e1nok hazat\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9nek m\u00e1sik fontos t\u00e9nyez\u0151je a munkav\u00e1llal\u00e1s lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eA k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 felm\u00e9r\u00e9sek eredm\u00e9nyei szerint a j\u00f3l megfizetett munka el\u00e9rhet\u0151s\u00e9ge \u00e9s a viszonylag magasabb \u00e9letsz\u00ednvonal Ukrajn\u00e1ban hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rul majd honfit\u00e1rsaink visszat\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9hez. Az id\u0151 m\u00fal\u00e1s\u00e1val azonban egyre t\u00f6bb munkak\u00e9pes ukr\u00e1n \u00e1llampolg\u00e1r tal\u00e1l k\u00fclf\u00f6ld\u00f6n munk\u00e1t, ami nem kedvez hazat\u00e9r\u00e9si sz\u00e1nd\u00e9knak, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a magasan k\u00e9pzett szakemberek k\u00f6r\u00e9ben\u201d \u2013 \u00e1ll a tanulm\u00e1nyban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;!&#8211;translatorid:ild5234 &#8211;&gt;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Az \u00e9vi 7%-os gazdas\u00e1gi n\u00f6veked\u00e9shez Ukrajn\u00e1nak 3,1\u20134,5 milli\u00f3 embert kell bevonnia a munkaer\u0151piacba 2032-ig.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":39810,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,33],"tags":[428,673,1261,33918,172698],"class_list":["post-39835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-ukrajna","tag-gdp","tag-lakossag","tag-munkaero","tag-ukran-menekultek","tag-vesztesseg"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39835"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39836,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39835\/revisions\/39836"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/39810"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}