{"id":46444,"date":"2024-02-29T19:06:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-29T17:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=46444"},"modified":"2024-02-29T16:39:45","modified_gmt":"2024-02-29T14:39:45","slug":"a-nyugati-hataron-boviti-atrakodo-kapacitasait-ukrajna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=46444&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"A nyugati hat\u00e1ron b\u0151v\u00edti \u00e1trakod\u00f3 kapacit\u00e1sait Ukrajna"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ukrajna er\u0151teljesen b\u0151v\u00edti nyugati hat\u00e1r\u00e1n az \u00e1trakod\u00f3 kapacit\u00e1sait. Jelenleg 16 termin\u00e1l m\u0171k\u00f6dik Ukrajn\u00e1ban, amelyek napi 1186 vagon gabona \u00e1trakod\u00e1s\u00e1t teszik lehet\u0151v\u00e9. Az elm\u00falt k\u00e9t \u00e9vben mintegy harminc c\u00e9g kapott enged\u00e9lyt vas\u00fati infrastrukt\u00fara l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra a hat\u00e1r k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben termin\u00e1lok \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A gazdat\u00fcntet\u00e9sek okai k\u00f6z\u00f6tt el\u0151kel\u0151 helyen van az ukrajnai mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi \u00e9s \u00e9lelmiszeripari term\u00e9kek be\u00e1raml\u00e1sa az egys\u00e9ges bels\u0151 piacra. Ez azonban mit sem v\u00e1ltoztat azon, hogy az EU kiterjeszti az \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9st Ukrajn\u00e1nak az EU egys\u00e9ges piac\u00e1hoz. Annyi t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt mind\u00f6ssze, hogy nemzeti korl\u00e1toz\u00e1sokat is enged\u00e9lyez bizonyos mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi term\u00e9kekre, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a gabon\u00e1ra \u00e9s a b\u00faz\u00e1ra. A m\u00e1sik oldalon pedig Ukrajna a nyugati hat\u00e1r\u00e1n er\u0151sen dolgozik az \u00e1trakod\u00f3 kapacit\u00e1sok b\u0151v\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9n. A j\u00f6v\u0151 teh\u00e1t nem k\u00e9ts\u00e9ges, az alkalmazkod\u00e1si k\u00e9nyszer t\u00e9nyleges.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ukran-gaboa-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-46445\" srcset=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ukran-gaboa-1024x575.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ukran-gaboa-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ukran-gaboa-768x431.jpg 768w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ukran-gaboa-1536x863.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/ukran-gaboa-2048x1150.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az Oroszorsz\u00e1gi F\u00f6der\u00e1ci\u00f3 teljes k\u00f6r\u0171 inv\u00e1zi\u00f3j\u00e1nak kezdete \u00e9s Ukrajna tengeri kik\u00f6t\u0151inek blokkol\u00e1sa \u00f3ta a sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ldi logisztikai csom\u00f3pontok seg\u00edtettek alternat\u00edv export\u00fatvonalak kialak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban \u00e9s jelent\u0151s mennyis\u00e9g\u0171 mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi term\u00e9k sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban. 2022 m\u00e1rcius\u00e1t\u00f3l 2023 december\u00e9ig 36 milli\u00f3 tonna mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi term\u00e9ket export\u00e1ltak vas\u00faton. Ehhez a v\u00e1llalkoz\u00f3knak az orsz\u00e1g nyugati r\u00e9gi\u00f3iban n\u00f6velni\u00fck kellett az \u00e1trak\u00f3 ter\u00fcletek sz\u00e1m\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az elm\u00falt k\u00e9t \u00e9vben mintegy harminc c\u00e9g kapott enged\u00e9lyt vas\u00fati infrastrukt\u00fara l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra a hat\u00e1r k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben \u00e1trak\u00f3ter\u00fcletek \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez. H\u00e9t pontot m\u00e1r \u00fczembe helyeztek, \u00e9s tov\u00e1bbi 12 pont k\u00e9sz\u00fcl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az EU-ba vezet\u0151 vas\u00fatvonalak szinte mindegyik\u00e9n k\u00e9t-h\u00e1rom, helyenk\u00e9nt n\u00e9gy termin\u00e1l is tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3, amelyek 70 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9ka 2022 febru\u00e1rja ut\u00e1n \u00e9p\u00fclt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az Ukrzaliznicja szerint jelenleg 16 termin\u00e1l m\u0171k\u00f6dik Ukrajn\u00e1ban, amelyek napi 1186 vagon gabona \u00e1trakod\u00e1s\u00e1t teszik lehet\u0151v\u00e9. Az ukr\u00e1n hat\u00e1r k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben Lengyelorsz\u00e1gban 13, Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban 9, Magyarorsz\u00e1gon 11, Szlov\u00e1ki\u00e1ban 7 logisztikai csom\u00f3pont, valamint \u00f6sszesen 56 termin\u00e1l van, ahol gabonarakom\u00e1nyokat kezelnek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jelent\u0151s beruh\u00e1z\u00e1sok zajlanak a hat\u00e1r menti infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1ban annak \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben, hogy a maxim\u00e1lis kapacit\u00e1st el\u00e9rj\u00e9k. A hat\u00e1r k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben \u00e9p\u00fclnek egyszer\u0171, 100\u2013150 ezer doll\u00e1rba ker\u00fcl\u0151, t\u00e1rol\u00f3kont\u00e9nerek n\u00e9lk\u00fcli \u00e1trak\u00f3csom\u00f3pontok, amelyek havonta 15\u201325 ezer tonna term\u00e9ket kezelnek, valamint nagy termin\u00e1lok, amelyek \u00f3r\u00e1nk\u00e9nt t\u00f6bb mint 500 tonna gabon\u00e1t tudnak majd depon\u00e1lni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nem minden c\u00e9g \u00e9rdekelt azonban a hat\u00e1r menti infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1ba val\u00f3 befektet\u00e9sben, mivel hossz\u00fa t\u00e1von nem tudj\u00e1k megj\u00f3solni annak hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1s m\u0171szaki adotts\u00e1gain t\u00falmen\u0151en figyelembe kell venni azt a gabonamennyis\u00e9get, amelyet a tengeri kik\u00f6t\u0151k teljes k\u00f6r\u0171 \u00fczembe helyez\u00e9sekor kell majd kezelni. A kocsik le\u00e1ll\u00e1s\u00e1nak elker\u00fcl\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben \u00e9rdemes figyelembe venni a hat\u00e1r t\u00faloldal\u00e1n l\u00e9v\u0151 infrastrukt\u00fara kapacit\u00e1s\u00e1t is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sok c\u00e9g felhagyott a hat\u00e1rtermin\u00e1lok \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9vel, mert a sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ldi logisztik\u00e1t kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 j\u00f6vedelmez\u0151nek tartj\u00e1k, mint a tengeri logisztik\u00e1t. A g\u00f6rd\u00fcl\u0151\u00e1llom\u00e1ny sz\u00e1m\u00e1nak n\u00f6veked\u00e9se cs\u00f6kkenti a kik\u00f6t\u0151kbe t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s k\u00f6lts\u00e9geit, \u00edgy a nyugati r\u00e9gi\u00f3kb\u00f3l (ahol 35\u201340 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k vagy 25\u201330 milli\u00f3 tonna gabon\u00e1t termesztenek) kifizet\u0151d\u0151 lesz az EU-ba t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 \u00e1rusz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ma a legk\u00f6nnyebb vas\u00faton sz\u00e1ll\u00edtani a gabon\u00e1t Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1n \u00e9s Szlov\u00e1ki\u00e1n kereszt\u00fcl, a legnehezebb Lengyelorsz\u00e1gon kereszt\u00fcl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ahogy Ukrajna integr\u00e1l\u00f3dik az EU piacaiba, a t\u00f6bbi orsz\u00e1g gazd\u00e1lkod\u00f3inak ellen\u00e1ll\u00e1sa n\u00f6vekedni fog, \u00e9s erre fel kell k\u00e9sz\u00fclni\u00fck. A sztr\u00e1jkok \u00e9s az export akad\u00e1lyoz\u00e1sa m\u00e9g egy ideig folytat\u00f3dik. 2023-ban t\u00edzmilli\u00f3 tonna mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi term\u00e9ket export\u00e1ltak vas\u00faton, 3,2 milli\u00f3 tonn\u00e1t g\u00e9pkocsival, 47 milli\u00f3 tonn\u00e1t a tengeri kik\u00f6t\u0151k\u00f6n kereszt\u00fcl. 2024 janu\u00e1rj\u00e1ban 685 ezer tonna mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi term\u00e9ket sz\u00e1ll\u00edtottak ki vas\u00faton, 140 ezer tonn\u00e1t g\u00e9pkocsin, \u00f6t tengeri kik\u00f6t\u0151b\u0151l pedig \u00f6tmilli\u00f3 tonn\u00e1t. A kukoric\u00e1t, a b\u00faz\u00e1t, a repc\u00e9t \u00e9s a z\u00f6lds\u00e9glisztet t\u00f6bbnyire a nyugati hat\u00e1rokon kereszt\u00fcl sz\u00e1ll\u00edtott\u00e1k \u00e1t \u2013 \u00edrta az Agrok\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/hirado.hu\/kulfold\/cikk\/2024\/02\/29\/ukrajna-a-nyugati-hataran-boviti-atrakodo-kapacitasait\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(hirado.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ukrajna er\u0151teljesen b\u0151v\u00edti nyugati hat\u00e1r\u00e1n az \u00e1trakod\u00f3 kapacit\u00e1sait. Jelenleg 16 termin\u00e1l m\u0171k\u00f6dik Ukrajn\u00e1ban, amelyek napi 1186 vagon gabona \u00e1trakod\u00e1s\u00e1t teszik lehet\u0151v\u00e9. Az elm\u00falt k\u00e9t \u00e9vben mintegy harminc c\u00e9g kapott enged\u00e9lyt vas\u00fati infrastrukt\u00fara l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra a hat\u00e1r k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben termin\u00e1lok \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":46445,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1593,41,11,33],"tags":[168044,3867],"class_list":["post-46444","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actual-hu","category-cikkek","category-kiemelt-tema","category-ukrajna","tag-atrakodoallomas","tag-gabonaexport"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46444","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=46444"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46444\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46446,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46444\/revisions\/46446"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/46445"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=46444"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=46444"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=46444"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}