{"id":53950,"date":"2024-10-22T16:07:00","date_gmt":"2024-10-22T13:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=53950"},"modified":"2024-10-21T21:09:13","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T18:09:13","slug":"adossagelengedesert-konyorog-a-vilagbank-elnoke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=53950&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Ad\u00f3ss\u00e1gelenged\u00e9s\u00e9rt k\u00f6ny\u00f6r\u00f6g a Vil\u00e1gbank eln\u00f6ke"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A Nemzetk\u00f6zi Valutaalap (IMF) \u00e9s a Vil\u00e1gbank e heti, washingtoni \u00e9ves k\u00f6zgy\u0171l\u00e9s\u00e9n az ad\u00f3ss\u00e1g lesz a legfontosabb napirendi pont.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az IMF v\u00e1rhat\u00f3an azzal \u00e9rvel majd, hogy az ad\u00f3ss\u00e1ghegy kezd fenntarthatatlann\u00e1 v\u00e1lni. Az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok \u00e9s K\u00edna a 2008-as p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi \u00f6sszeoml\u00e1s \u00f3ta sorra vette fel a nagy \u00f6sszeg\u0171 hiteleket, hogy gazdas\u00e1guk kerekeit mozg\u00e1sban tudj\u00e1k tartani. A vil\u00e1gj\u00e1rv\u00e1ny szint\u00e9n arra k\u00e9nyszer\u00edtette a korm\u00e1nyokat, hogy t\u00e9rjenek vissza a k\u00f6tv\u00e9nypiacokra, tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 tetemes \u00e1llami t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sokat k\u00f6lt\u00f6ttek el az elm\u00falt \u00e9vek infl\u00e1ci\u00f3s sokkja sor\u00e1n a h\u00e1ztart\u00e1sok \u00e9s v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1sok t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/vilagbank-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-53951\" srcset=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/vilagbank-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/vilagbank-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/vilagbank-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/vilagbank-1.jpg 1347w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az IMF kor\u00e1bbi orsz\u00e1gjelent\u00e9seiben mindegyik\u00fcket megdorg\u00e1lta, ami\u00e9rt hagyt\u00e1k, hogy az \u00e1llamad\u00f3ss\u00e1g a GDP sz\u00e1z sz\u00e1zal\u00e9ka k\u00f6r\u00fcli szintre emelkedjen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A The Guardian cikke megjegyzi, hogy a fejlett orsz\u00e1gok egy csoportja (az Egyes\u00fclt Kir\u00e1lys\u00e1g, Braz\u00edlia, Franciaorsz\u00e1g, Olaszorsz\u00e1g \u00e9s t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt D\u00e9l-Afrika is) v\u00e1rhat\u00f3an k\u00e9nytelen lesz tov\u00e1bb n\u00f6velni \u00e1llamad\u00f3ss\u00e1g\u00e1t. Ezekben az \u00e1llamokban a j\u00f3l\u00e9ti \u00e9s az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi kiad\u00e1sok k\u00f6nnyen elszabadulhatnak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az ad\u00f3ss\u00e1g fenntarthat\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1nak legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bb m\u00e9r\u0151sz\u00e1ma az ad\u00f3ss\u00e1gnak a nemzeti j\u00f6vedelemhez, vagyis a brutt\u00f3 hazai term\u00e9khez (GDP) viszony\u00edtott ar\u00e1nya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Olaszorsz\u00e1g GDP-ar\u00e1nyos ad\u00f3ss\u00e1gr\u00e1t\u00e1ja 130 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k felett van,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok\u00e9 124 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u00f6r\u00f6gorsz\u00e1g ar\u00e1nya 160 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k k\u00f6r\u00fcli,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jap\u00e1n\u00e9 pedig t\u00f6bb mint 260 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IMF: a glob\u00e1lis ad\u00f3ss\u00e1g hamarosan meghaladja a 100 ezermilli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az IMF el\u0151rejelz\u00e9se szerint a glob\u00e1lis \u00e1llamad\u00f3ss\u00e1g az \u00e9v v\u00e9g\u00e9re meghaladja a 100 ezermilli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rt. A szeg\u00e9nyebb orsz\u00e1gok \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban alacsonyabb GDP-ar\u00e1nyos ad\u00f3ss\u00e1gr\u00e1t\u00e1val rendelkeznek, viszont az ad\u00f3bev\u00e9telekhez k\u00e9pest a kifizetend\u0151 kamatteher ar\u00e1nya n\u00e1luk sokkal magasabb \u2013 r\u00e9szben a magasabb kamatfel\u00e1rak miatt, r\u00e9szben pedig az\u00e9rt, mert doll\u00e1rban veszik fel hiteleiket, \u00edgy er\u0151sen kitettek saj\u00e1t deviz\u00e1juk \u00e9s a z\u00f6ldhas\u00fa \u00e1rfolyam-ingadoz\u00e1sainak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Vil\u00e1gbank f\u0151n\u00f6ke, Ajay Banga megpr\u00f3b\u00e1lja majd a gazdag orsz\u00e1gok figyelm\u00e9t a legszeg\u00e9nyebb orsz\u00e1gok ad\u00f3ss\u00e1gaira ir\u00e1ny\u00edtani, amelyek k\u00f6z\u00fcl sokan k\u00fczdenek a kamatsz\u00e1ml\u00e1k kifizet\u00e9s\u00e9vel. A szeg\u00e9nys\u00e9g elleni k\u00fczdelemmel foglalkoz\u00f3 Development Finance International (DFI) j\u00f3t\u00e9konys\u00e1gi szervezet jelent\u00e9se szerint<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a Vil\u00e1gbank legkev\u00e9sb\u00e9 tehet\u0151s orsz\u00e1gokat felsorol\u00f3 list\u00e1j\u00e1n szerepl\u0151, 146 orsz\u00e1g eset\u00e9ben az ad\u00f3ss\u00e1gszolg\u00e1lati k\u00f6lts\u00e9gek \u00e1tlagosan a kiad\u00e1sok 42 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k\u00e1t em\u00e9sztik fel, ezen bel\u00fcl Afrik\u00e1ban a r\u00e1ta 55 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A DFI azt kifog\u00e1solja, hogy ezeknek az orsz\u00e1goknak az ad\u00f3bev\u00e9telekb\u0151l kell kifizetni\u00fck a kamatkiad\u00e1sokat, amelyeket egy\u00e9bk\u00e9nt az alapvet\u0151 eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi \u00e9s oktat\u00e1si szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok jav\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s az \u00e9ghajlati v\u00e1ls\u00e1g kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re ford\u00edthatn\u00e1nak. Az alternat\u00edva szerint\u00fck az, hogy \u00faj hitelt kell felvenni a megl\u00e9v\u0151 k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9gv\u00e1llal\u00e1sok kiv\u00e1lt\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u2013 alacsonyabb kamatszinten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Vil\u00e1gbank csak ment\u00f6\u00f6vet tud dobni, ad\u00f3ss\u00e1got elengedni nem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A tal\u00e1lkoz\u00f3kat megel\u0151z\u0151 sajt\u00f3t\u00e1j\u00e9koztat\u00f3n Banga elmondta, hogy az ad\u00f3ss\u00e1gelenged\u00e9s neh\u00e9z folyamat, mivel a legt\u00f6bb hitel \u00f6sszetett \u00e9s t\u00f6bbr\u00e9teg\u0171. Elmondta, hogy a legs\u00falyosabb helyzetben l\u00e9v\u0151 orsz\u00e1gok k\u00f6z\u00fcl n\u00e9h\u00e1nyan t\u00e1rgyal\u00e1sokat folytatnak az ad\u00f3ss\u00e1g elenged\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l, de ez mindig is neh\u00e9z \u00e9s hosszadalmas folyamat volt. Banga elmondta, a Vil\u00e1gbank Zambi\u00e1nak, Cs\u00e1dnak, Eti\u00f3pi\u00e1nak \u00e9s Gh\u00e1n\u00e1nak 16-17 milli\u00e1rd doll\u00e1rt juttatott az ad\u00f3ss\u00e1g\u00e1t\u00fctemez\u00e9si folyamat sor\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ment\u0151\u00f6vet dobunk nekik, ak\u00e1r ad\u00f3ss\u00e1gelenged\u00e9sk\u00e9nt, ak\u00e1r t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sk\u00e9nt. \u00c1m az ad\u00f3ss\u00e1gukat csak a hitelez\u0151k tudj\u00e1k elengedni, mi nem \u2013 tette hozz\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vg.hu\/nemzetkozi-gazdasag\/2024\/10\/imf-vilagbank-adossag?utm_source=hirstart&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=hiraggregator\">(vg.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Nemzetk\u00f6zi Valutaalap (IMF) \u00e9s a Vil\u00e1gbank e heti, washingtoni \u00e9ves k\u00f6zgy\u0171l\u00e9s\u00e9n az ad\u00f3ss\u00e1g lesz a legfontosabb napirendi pont.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":53951,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,11,39],"tags":[12976,430925,31749,33650,1713],"class_list":["post-53950","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-kiemelt-tema","category-vilag","tag-adossag","tag-adossagelengedes","tag-kozgyules","tag-nemzetkozi-valutaalap-imf","tag-vilagbank"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53950","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53950"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53950\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53952,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53950\/revisions\/53952"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/53951"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53950"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53950"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53950"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}