{"id":61496,"date":"2025-06-29T17:09:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-29T14:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=61496"},"modified":"2025-06-29T01:12:32","modified_gmt":"2025-06-28T22:12:32","slug":"listazza-es-bortonnel-fenyegeti-peking-a-ritkafoldfemek-szakertoit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=61496&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"List\u00e1zza \u00e9s b\u00f6rt\u00f6nnel fenyegeti Peking a ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9mek szak\u00e9rt\u0151it"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kulcsszerepet j\u00e1tszanak a kereskedelmi h\u00e1bor\u00faban ezek az \u00e1sv\u00e1nyok. A ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9mek termel\u00e9s\u00e9t K\u00edna domin\u00e1lja, \u00e9s f\u00e9lt\u00e9kenyen \u0151rzi szakmai titkait.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00edna b\u00e1ny\u00e1ssza a vil\u00e1gon felhaszn\u00e1lt ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9mek majdnem 70 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k\u00e1t, m\u00edg a feldolgoz\u00e1sban 90 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9kos a r\u00e9szesed\u00e9se. Az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok, az Eur\u00f3pai Uni\u00f3 \u00e9s Jap\u00e1n is k\u00fczd Peking dominanci\u00e1ja ellen. Nehez\u00edti a dolgukat, hogy a termel\u00e9si szak\u00e9rtelem is K\u00edn\u00e1ban koncentr\u00e1l\u00f3dik. Peking most list\u00e1zza a szak\u00e9rt\u0151it, nehogy ki\u00e1rus\u00edts\u00e1k a f\u00e9ltett technol\u00f3gi\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/banya-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-61497\" srcset=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/banya-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/banya-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/banya-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/banya.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u00f6rt\u00f6n fenyegeti a ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9mek k\u00ednai szak\u00e9rt\u0151it<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A k\u00ednai kereskedelmi miniszt\u00e9rium az elm\u00falt hetekben olyan szem\u00e9lyzeti list\u00e1kat k\u00e9rt a ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9m-v\u00e1llalatokt\u00f3l, melyek tartalmazz\u00e1k a szakalkalmazottak speci\u00e1lis szak\u00e9rtelm\u00e9t, v\u00e9gzetts\u00e9g\u00e9t, kutat\u00e1si h\u00e1tter\u00e9t \u00e9s szem\u00e9lyes adatait \u2013 \u00e9rtes\u00fclt a The Wall Street Journal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9mek feldolgoz\u00e1sa mag\u00e1ban foglalja az egyes ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9mek gondos elv\u00e1laszt\u00e1s\u00e1t a nyersanyagokt\u00f3l, amelyekben sok hasonl\u00f3 k\u00e9miai tulajdons\u00e1gokkal rendelkez\u0151 elem keveredik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A k\u00ednai tud\u00f3sok \u00e9lvonalbeli berendez\u00e9seket \u00e9s folyamatokat fejlesztettek ki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00edg kor\u00e1bban Peking nagyban t\u00e1maszkodott a k\u00fclf\u00f6ldiek szak\u00e9rtelm\u00e9re, ma a k\u00ednaiak\u00e9 a vezet\u0151 technol\u00f3gia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A k\u00ednai korm\u00e1ny 2023 december\u00e9ben megtiltotta a ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9m-feldolgoz\u00e1sban haszn\u00e1lt egyes k\u00ednai technol\u00f3gi\u00e1k exportj\u00e1t. Tavaly szeptemberben a k\u00ednai \u00e1llambiztons\u00e1gi miniszt\u00e9rium k\u00f6z\u00f6lte, hogy egy k\u00ednai \u00e1llampolg\u00e1rt tizenegy \u00e9v b\u00f6rt\u00f6nb\u00fcntet\u00e9sre \u00edt\u00e9ltek, mert titkokat adott el K\u00edna ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9mk\u00e9szleteir\u0151l meg nem hat\u00e1rozott k\u00fclf\u00f6ldi \u00e9rdekelts\u00e9geknek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Peking fegyverk\u00e9nt haszn\u00e1lta a v\u00e1mh\u00e1bor\u00faban<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Donald Trump amerikai eln\u00f6k v\u00e1mh\u00e1bor\u00faj\u00e1ra v\u00e1laszul K\u00edna korl\u00e1tozta a ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9mek exportj\u00e1t. A l\u00e9p\u00e9s vil\u00e1gszerte felbor\u00edtotta<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>az aut\u00f3gy\u00e1rt\u00f3k,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a rep\u00fcl\u0151g\u00e9pgy\u00e1rt\u00f3k,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a f\u00e9lvezet\u0151gy\u00e1rt\u00f3 v\u00e1llalatok<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00e9s a katonai besz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa ell\u00e1t\u00e1si l\u00e1ncokat, \u00e9s nem sokkal k\u00e9s\u0151bb aut\u00f3ipari besz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3k \u00e1lltak le Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban a hi\u00e1ny miatt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Eur\u00f3pa \u00e9s az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok is csak korl\u00e1tozott feldolgoz\u00f3kapacit\u00e1ssal rendelkezik, amelyet igyekeznek b\u0151v\u00edteni. K\u00edn\u00e1n k\u00edv\u00fcl a belga Solvay m\u0171k\u00f6dteti a legnagyobb ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9m-feldolgoz\u00f3 \u00fczemet a franciaorsz\u00e1gi La Rochelle-ben, \u00e9s azt tervezi, hogy 2030-ra k\u00e9pes lesz biztos\u00edtani Eur\u00f3pa ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9mm\u00e1gnes-ell\u00e1t\u00e1s\u00e1nak a 30 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9k\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vg.hu\/penz-es-tokepiac\/2025\/06\/ritkafoldfemek-kina?utm_source=hirstart&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=hiraggregator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(vg.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kulcsszerepet j\u00e1tszanak a kereskedelmi h\u00e1bor\u00faban ezek az \u00e1sv\u00e1nyok. A ritkaf\u00f6ldf\u00e9mek termel\u00e9s\u00e9t K\u00edna domin\u00e1lja, \u00e9s f\u00e9lt\u00e9kenyen \u0151rzi szakmai titkait.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":61497,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,11,39],"tags":[259,11687],"class_list":["post-61496","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-kiemelt-tema","category-vilag","tag-kina","tag-ritkafoldfem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61496","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=61496"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61496\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":61498,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61496\/revisions\/61498"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/61497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=61496"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=61496"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=61496"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}