{"id":62461,"date":"2025-08-01T21:16:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-01T18:16:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=62461"},"modified":"2025-08-01T15:23:03","modified_gmt":"2025-08-01T12:23:03","slug":"az-ukran-elelmiszerarak-megkozelitettek-az-europai-szintet-a-vaj-mar-25-szazalekkal-dragabb-mint-lengyelorszagban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/?p=62461&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Az ukr\u00e1n \u00e9lelmiszer\u00e1rak megk\u00f6zel\u00edtett\u00e9k az eur\u00f3pai szintet, a vaj m\u00e1r 25 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9kkal dr\u00e1g\u00e1bb, mint Lengyelorsz\u00e1gban"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Az ukr\u00e1n \u00e9lelmiszer\u00e1rak az elm\u00falt \u00e9vekben konverg\u00e1ltak az eur\u00f3pai uni\u00f3s \u00e1rakhoz, az ukr\u00e1n \u00e1rak m\u00e1r most is meghaladj\u00e1k a szomsz\u00e9dos orsz\u00e1gok, k\u00f6zt\u00fck Rom\u00e1nia, Szlov\u00e1kia \u00e9s T\u00f6r\u00f6korsz\u00e1g \u00e1rait \u2013 sz\u00e1molt be p\u00e9nteken az <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.ua\/rus\/news\/tsini-produkti-ukrayini-nablizilisya-evropi-1754028532.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">rbc.ua<\/a> az Ukr\u00e1n Nemzeti Bank (NBU) Infl\u00e1ci\u00f3s <a href=\"https:\/\/bank.gov.ua\/ua\/news\/all\/inflyatsiyniy-zvit-lipen-2025-roku\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">jelent\u00e9s\u00e9re<\/a> (2025. j\u00falius) hivatkozva.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A jelent\u00e9s szerint az NBU az okok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt bels\u0151 probl\u00e9m\u00e1kat, mint amilyen az \u00e9ghajlat, a h\u00e1bor\u00fa, a termel\u00e9si k\u00f6lts\u00e9gek, \u00e9s k\u00fcls\u0151 t\u00e9nyez\u0151k \u2013 a glob\u00e1lis \u00e1rak \u00e9s a kereslet \u2013 egyar\u00e1nt megnevezte. Glob\u00e1lisan az \u00e9lelmiszer\u00e1rak gyorsabban emelkednek, mint m\u00e1s \u00e1rak. 2020 \u00f3ta az \u00e9lelmiszer\u00e1rak infl\u00e1ci\u00f3ja meghaladta a 35%-ot, m\u00edg az \u00f6sszes\u00edtett infl\u00e1ci\u00f3 mind\u00f6ssze 25% volt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ez a helyzet t\u00f6bb glob\u00e1lis v\u00e1ls\u00e1g eredm\u00e9nye: vil\u00e1gj\u00e1rv\u00e1nyok, h\u00e1bor\u00fak, kl\u00edmakatasztr\u00f3f\u00e1k, logisztikai zavarok \u00e9s az emelked\u0151 energia\u00e1rak. Mindez \u201et\u00f6k\u00e9letes vihart\u201d teremtett az \u00e9lelmiszer\u00e1rak gyors emelked\u00e9s\u00e9hez. Ez nagy jelent\u0151s\u00e9ggel b\u00edr az ukr\u00e1nok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, mivel az \u00e9lelmiszerek ar\u00e1nya az ukr\u00e1nok fogyaszt\u00f3i kosar\u00e1ban k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 40%.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"457\" height=\"418\" src=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/3-686.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-62464\" srcset=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/3-686.png 457w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/3-686-300x274.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 457px) 100vw, 457px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2016 \u00f3ta Ukrajn\u00e1ban a term\u00e9kek eur\u00f3ban kifejezett \u00e1ra 79%-kal, az EU-orsz\u00e1gokban pedig 46%-kal emelkedett. Az egyes term\u00e9kcsoportok \u00e1rdinamik\u00e1ja heterog\u00e9n volt, ak\u00e1rcsak az egyes term\u00e9kek ukrajnai \u00e1rainak elt\u00e9r\u00e9se az EU-orsz\u00e1gok \u00e1rait\u00f3l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a keny\u00e9r \u00e9s gabonaf\u00e9l\u00e9k, a gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6k \u00e9s z\u00f6lds\u00e9gek, valamint az \u00e9desv\u00edzi halak \u00e1ra tov\u00e1bbra is alacsonyabb, mint Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban, az EU-hoz k\u00e9pest alacsonyabb nyersanyag-, munkaer\u0151- \u00e9s logisztikai k\u00f6lts\u00e9geknek k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en. A napraforg\u00f3olaj pedig olcs\u00f3bb (20-25%-kal kisebb, mint Lengyelorsz\u00e1gban) a fejlett hazai termel\u00e9s miatt.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"456\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1-1884-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-62463\" srcset=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1-1884-1.png 456w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1-1884-1-300x265.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 456px) 100vw, 456px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ugyanakkor a vaj \u00e1ra Ukrajn\u00e1ban viszonylag magasabb, mint az \u00e1tlagos eur\u00f3pai \u00e1rak (20-25%-kal magasabbak Lengyelorsz\u00e1ghoz k\u00e9pest), ami a magas termel\u00e9si k\u00f6lts\u00e9geknek \u00e9s az uni\u00f3s orsz\u00e1gok mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi termel\u0151inek ny\u00fajtott jelent\u0151s \u00e1llami t\u00e1mogat\u00e1snak k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az \u00e1llati term\u00e9kek is hasonl\u00f3 ellent\u00e9teket mutatnak: a sert\u00e9sh\u00fas \u00e9s a tejterm\u00e9kek dr\u00e1g\u00e1bbak, mint a lengyelek az ipar\u00e1g struktur\u00e1lis probl\u00e9m\u00e1i \u00e9s az \u00e1llami t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sok elt\u00e9r\u00e9sei miatt, m\u00edg a baromfi \u00e9s a toj\u00e1s olcs\u00f3bb a nagytermel\u0151k hat\u00e9konys\u00e1ga, a vertik\u00e1lis integr\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9s a m\u00e9retgazdas\u00e1goss\u00e1g miatt.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"473\" height=\"418\" src=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/4-348.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-62465\" srcset=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/4-348.png 473w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/4-348-300x265.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 473px) 100vw, 473px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az NBU szerint az ukr\u00e1n \u00e9lelmiszer\u00e1rak uni\u00f3s szinthez k\u00f6zeled\u00e9s\u00e9nek trendje 2025 els\u0151 fel\u00e9ben is folytat\u00f3dott. Miut\u00e1n a hrivnya 2023\u20132024-es le\u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u0151d\u00e9se miatt az eur\u00f3ban kifejezett \u00e9lelmiszer\u00e1rak \u00e1tmenetileg cs\u00f6kkentek, az \u00e9v eleje \u00f3ta \u00fajra emelked\u0151 tendencia indult be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az ukr\u00e1n \u00e1rakat a lakoss\u00e1g v\u00e1s\u00e1rl\u00f3ereje korl\u00e1tozza. Amint az \u00e1r megk\u00f6zel\u00edti a pszichol\u00f3giai k\u00fcsz\u00f6b\u00f6t, a kereslet cs\u00f6kken, vagy az olcs\u00f3bb anal\u00f3gok fel\u00e9 tol\u00f3dik el. M\u00e1sr\u00e9szt egyes \u00e1gazatok, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az \u00e1llatteny\u00e9szt\u00e9s gyenge fejl\u0151d\u00e9se felfel\u00e9 hajtja az \u00e1rakat. Az \u00e1fak\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g is szerepet j\u00e1tszik \u2013 Ukrajn\u00e1ban 20%, Lengyelorsz\u00e1gban csak 5%, egyes helyeken pedig nulla kulcs\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"468\" height=\"393\" src=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/2-1182.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-62466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/2-1182.png 468w, https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/2-1182-300x252.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 468px) 100vw, 468px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az ukr\u00e1n \u00e9lelmiszer\u00e1rakat mind bels\u0151 t\u00e9nyez\u0151k (hozam, termel\u00e9si k\u00f6lts\u00e9gek, fogyaszt\u00f3i kereslet stb.), mind k\u00fcls\u0151 k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek befoly\u00e1solj\u00e1k, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a vil\u00e1gpiaci \u00e1rak, az ukr\u00e1n termel\u0151k k\u00fclf\u00f6ldi piacokhoz val\u00f3 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9se, valamint a term\u00e9kek exportj\u00e1nak \u00e9s importj\u00e1nak volumene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen az Ukrajna \u00e9s az EU k\u00f6z\u00f6tti szabadkereskedelmi \u00f6vezetr\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1s j\u00e1rult hozz\u00e1 az \u00e9lelmiszeripari term\u00e9kek kereskedelm\u00e9nek n\u00f6veked\u00e9s\u00e9hez, \u00e9s ez\u00e1ltal az egyik t\u00e9nyez\u0151 volt, amely az ukr\u00e1n \u00e1rakat k\u00f6zelebb hozta az eur\u00f3pai \u00e1rakhoz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A magas \u00e1rak \u00e9s az alacsony k\u00edn\u00e1lat miatt Ukrajna n\u00f6veli az \u00e9lelmiszer-importot. 2025 els\u0151 fel\u00e9ben a sert\u00e9sh\u00fasimport 4,4-szeres\u00e9re, a tejimport 1,6-szoros\u00e1ra, a gabonaf\u00e9l\u00e9k\u00e9 48%-kal, a z\u00f6lds\u00e9gek\u00e9 megdupl\u00e1z\u00f3dott, az almaimport pedig 8-szoros\u00e1ra n\u0151tt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(vb\/rbc.ua)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;!&#8211; creatorid:bey5821&nbsp;&#8211;&gt;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Az ukr\u00e1n \u00e9lelmiszer\u00e1rak az elm\u00falt \u00e9vekben konverg\u00e1ltak az eur\u00f3pai uni\u00f3s \u00e1rakhoz, az ukr\u00e1n \u00e1rak m\u00e1r most is meghaladj\u00e1k a szomsz\u00e9dos orsz\u00e1gok, k\u00f6zt\u00fck Rom\u00e1nia, Szlov\u00e1kia \u00e9s T\u00f6r\u00f6korsz\u00e1g \u00e1rait.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":62467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,1593,41,23,17,33],"tags":[856,1710],"class_list":["post-62461","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-nap-hirei","category-actual-hu","category-cikkek","category-fotok","category-surgos","category-ukrajna","tag-aremelkedes","tag-elelmiszer-arak"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=62461"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62461\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":62468,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62461\/revisions\/62468"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/62467"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=62461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=62461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/economic.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=62461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}